The web access and mobile versions of Anatomy & Physiology 2019 include: each human body system introduced in a short series of lessons that use interactive 3D models, illustrations, histology slides, bite-sized physiology animations, and quizzes to test your knowledge.
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Here are the contents and views in the latest release of Anatomy & Physiology 2019.
Cells and Tissue
Introduction: Cells and Tissue
- Cells and Tissue Overview
- Cell Functions
- Cell Types
Cell Structure and Function
- Parts of a Cell
- Plasma Membrane
- Structure of the Plasma Membrane
- Passive and Active Transport
- Transport Vesicles
- Osmosis
- Organelles
- Cytoskeleton and Centrosome
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi Complex
- Lysosomes and Peroxisomes
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
- Cellular Respiration Definition
- Cellular Respiration
- Proteins
- Protein Synthesis
- Transcription Definition
- Transcription
- Translation Definition
- Codons and the Ribosome
- Translation
- Cell Structure and Function Multiple Choice
- Cell Structure and Function Dissection
Cell Life Cycle
- Replication
- Cell Cycle
- Mitosis
- Mitotic Spindle
- Meiosis
- Meiosis and Gametes
- Cell Life Cycle Multiple Choice
Tissues
- Tissue Types in the Body
- Epithelial Tissue
- Types of Epithelial Tissue
- Slide 1 - Simple and Stratified Epithelium
- Slide 2 - Exocrine and Endocrine Glands
- Simple Epithelium
- Slide 1 - Simple Epithelial Tissues
- Slide 2 - Simple Squamous Epithelium: Glomerulus
- Slide 3 - Simple Cuboidal Epithelium: Renal Collecting Tubules
- Slide 4 - Simple Columnar Epithelium: Small Intestine
- Slide 5 - Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium: Trachea
- Stratified Epithelium
- Slide 1 - Stratified Epithelial Tissues
- Slide 2 - Stratified Squamous Epithelium: Epidermis
- Slide 3 - Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium: Salivary Gland Duct
- Slide 4 - Stratified Columnar Epithelium: Male Urethra
- Slide 5 - Transitional Epithelium: Bladder
- Connective Tissue
- Connective Tissue Proper: Loose
- Types of Loose Connective Tissue
- Slide 1 - Areolar Tissue: Papillary Dermis
- Slide 2 - Adipose Tissue: Hypodermis
- Slide 3 - Reticular Tissue: Lymph Node
- Connective Tissue Proper: Dense
- Types of Dense Connective Tissue
- Slide 1 - Dense Regular Connective Tissue: Tendon Fibers
- Slide 2 - Dense Irregular Connective Tissue: Intestinal Submucosa
- Special Connective Tissue: Bone and Cartilage
- Bone Tissue
- Cartilage
- Cartilage Histology
- Slide 1 - Hyaline Cartilage: Articular Cartilage
- Slide 2 - Elastic Cartilage: Epiglottis
- Slide 3 - Fibrocartilage: Intervertebral Disc
- Special Connective Tissue: Blood and Lymph
- Blood
- Muscle Tissue
- Types of Muscle Tissue
- Nervous Tissue
- Neuron Structure
- Tissue Repair
- Tissue Repair and Scarring
- Tissues Multiple Choice
Integumentary System
Introduction: Integumentary System
- Integumentary System Overview
- Integumentary Structures
- Integumentary Functions
Integumentary System
- Skin Layers
- Epidermis Layers
- Epidermis Histology
- Slide 1 - Epidermal Layers
- Slide 2 - Stratum Basale
- Slide 3 - Stratum Spinosum
- Slide 4 - Stratum Granulosum
- Skin Cells
- Epidermal Cells
- Dermis Layers
- Dermis Histology
- Slide 1 - Dermal Layers
- Slide 2 - Papillary Dermis
- Slide 3 - Reticular Dermis
- Thick vs. Thin Skin Histology
- Sebaceous Glands
- Sudoriferous Glands
- Dermal Circulation
- Vitamin D Synthesis
- Integumentary Innervation
- Dermatomes
- Hair
- Hair Structure
- Hair Functions
- Nails
- Mammary Glands
- Mammary Gland Histology
- Slide 1 - Non-Lactating Mammary Gland
- Slide 2 - Lactating Mammary Gland
- Tissue Repair
- Tissue Repair and Scarring
- Integumentary System Multiple Choice
- Integumentary System Dissection
Skeletal System and Joints
Introduction: Skeletal System/Joints
- Skeletal System Overview
- Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
- Function of the Skeleton
Types of Bones
- Bone Types
- Flat Bones
- Long Bones
- Short Bones
- Irregular Bones
- Sesamoid Bones
- Types of Bones Multiple Choice
Bone Tissue
- Bone Marrow
- Interior of a Long Bone
- Parts of a Long Bone
- Bone Tissue Histology
- Slide 1 - Bone Structure
- Slide 2 - Spongy Bone: Humerus
- Slide 3 - Spongy Bone: Long Bone Epiphysis
- Slide 4 - Compact Bone: Long Bone Diaphysis
- Slide 5 - Compact Bone: Osteon Structure
- Osteon
- Bone Cells
- Flat Bone Formation
- Flat Bones in the Skull
- Long Bone Formation and Growth
- Long Bones in the Limbs
- Growth Plate Histology
- Cartilage Histology
- Slide 1 - Hyaline Cartilage: Articular Cartilage
- Slide 2 - Elastic Cartilage: Epiglottis
- Slide 3 - Fibrocartilage: Intervertebral Disc
- Types of Fractures
- Bone Repair
- Calcium in the Skeleton
- Osteoporosis
- Healthy and Osteoporotic Bone
- Bone Tissue Multiple Choice
Axial Skeleton
- Axial Skeleton
- Skull
- Cranial Bones
- Occipital Bone Landmarks
- Temporal Bone Landmarks
- Frontal Bone Landmarks
- Sphenoid Bone Landmarks
- Ethmoid Bone Landmarks
- Skull Sutures
- Fontanelles
- Facial Skeleton I
- Maxilla Landmarks
- Mandible Landmarks
- Facial Skeleton II
- Palatine Bone Landmarks
- Lacrimal Bone Landmarks
- Auditory Ossicles
- Foramina of Skull
- Bones of the Orbit
- Nasal Septum
- Hyoid
- Vertebral Column
- Vertebra
- Ligaments of the Spine
- Intervertebral Joints
- Cervical Spine
- Cervical Spine Landmarks
- Thoracic Spine
- Thoracic Spine Landmarks
- Lumbar Spine
- Lumbar Spine Landmarks
- Sacral Spine
- Sacrum Landmarks
- Thoracic Cage
- Sternum
- Ribs
- Axial Skeleton Multiple Choice
- Axial Skeleton Dissection
Appendicular Skeleton
- Appendicular Skeleton
- Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle
- Scapula Landmarks
- Clavicle Landmarks
- Muscular Stabilization
- Upper Limb
- Arm and Forearm
- Humerus Landmarks
- Radius Landmarks
- Ulna Landmarks
- Carpus (Wrist) I
- Carpus (Wrist) II
- Carpal Tunnel
- Hand
- Pelvic (Hip) Girdle
- Ilium Landmarks
- Ischium Landmarks
- Pubis Landmarks
- Male and Female Pelvis
- Lower Limb
- Thigh and Leg
- Femur Landmarks
- Tibia Landmarks
- Fibula Landmarks
- Tarsus
- Foot Arches
- Foot
- Appendicular Skeleton Multiple Choice
- Appendicular Skeleton Dissection
Joints
- Joints
- Joints in the Skull
- Synarthroses (No Movement): Skull Sutures
- Synarthroses (No Movement): Gomphoses
- Synarthroses (No Movement): Synchrondoses
- Syndesmoses (Slight Movement)
- Symphyses (Slight Movement)
- Synovial Joints (Full Movement)
- Structure of Synovial Joints
- Gliding (Plane) Joints Movement
- Gliding Joints in the Skeleton
- Hinge Joints Movement
- Hinge Joints in the Skeleton
- Pivot Joints Movement
- Pivot Joints in the Skeleton
- Condyloid Joints Movement
- Condyloid Joints in the Skeleton
- Saddle Joints Movement
- Saddle Joints in the Skeleton
- Ball and Socket Joints Movement
- Ball and Socket Joints in the Skeleton
- Ligaments and Synovial Joints
- Joints and Aging
- Joints Multiple Choice
- Joints Dissection
Muscle Tissue and Muscular System
Introduction: Muscular System
- Muscular System Overview
- Muscle Types
- Types of Muscle Tissue
- Skeletal Muscle
- Smooth Muscle
- Cardiac Muscle
- Muscular Anatomy
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
- Nerve and Blood Supply to Skeletal Muscle
- Skeletal Muscle Function Overview
- Muscle Contraction: Action Potential
- Muscle Contraction: Cross Bridge Formation
- Skeletal Muscle Innervation
- Skeletal Muscle Tissue Histology
- Slide 1 - Skeletal Muscle Structure
- Slide 2 - Skeletal Muscle Fibers
- Slide 3 - Skeletal Muscle Fibers: Myofilaments
- Skeletal Muscle Tissue Multiple Choice
Smooth and Cardiac Muscle Tissue
- Smooth Muscle of the Body
- Smooth Muscle Function
- Smooth Muscle Tissue Histology
- Slide 1 - Smooth Muscle Fibers
- Slide 2 - Smooth Muscle Fibers: Intermediate Filaments
- Alimentary Canal
- Stomach Wall
- Smooth Muscle in the Stomach Wall
- Trachea and Bronchi
- Blood Vessel Walls
- Smooth Muscle in Blood Vessel Walls
- Slide 1 - Artery and Vein Walls
- Slide 2 - Artery Wall
- Slide 3 - Vein Wall
- Urinary / Reproductive Systems (Female)
- Urinary / Reproductive Systems (Male)
- Cardiac Muscle
- Heart Wall
- Myocardium
- Cardiac Muscle Tissue Histology
- Slide 1 - Cardiac Muscle Fibers
- Slide 2 - Cardiac Muscle Fibers: Intercalated Discs
- Smooth and Cardiac Muscle Tissue Multiple Choice
- Smooth and Cardiac Muscle Tissue Dissection
Muscular System
- Muscle Interactions
- Skeletal Muscle Attachments
- Chin Raise: Muscles as First-Class Levers
- Calf Raise: Muscles as Second-Class Levers
- Elbow Flexion: Muscles as Third-Class Levers
- Facial Expression: Scalp and Eyebrow
- Facial Expression: Upper Mouth
- Facial Expression: Lower Mouth
- Extrinsic Eye Muscles
- Mastication
- Tongue
- Neck: Suprahyoid
- Neck: Infrahyoid
- Neck: Head Movements
- Vertebral Column: Splenius
- Vertebral Column: Erector Spinae
- Erector Spinae: Spinalis
- Erector Spinae: Longissimus
- Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis
- Vertebral Column: Transversospinales
- Transversospinales: Semispinalis
- Transversospinales: Rotatores
- Vertebral Column: Segmental
- Vertebral Column: Scalenes
- Vertebral Column: Spinal Flexors
- Abdomen
- Pelvis: Pelvic Diaphragm
- Pelvis: Superficial Perineal
- Pelvis: Deep Perineal
- Thorax: Breathing
- Thorax: Shoulder Girdle Movements, Anterior
- Thorax: Shoulder Girdle Movements, Posterior
- Arm: Prime Movers
- Arm: Synergists / Fixators
- Arm: Rotator Cuff
- Forearm: Elbow Flexors
- Forearm: Elbow Extensors
- Forearm: Pronation / Supination
- Hand: Superficial Flexors
- Hand: Deep Flexors
- Hand: Superficial Extensors
- Hand: Deep Extensors
- Fingers: Thenar
- Fingers: Hypothenar
- Fingers: Midpalmar
- Thigh: Iliopsoas
- Thigh: Gluteal
- Thigh: Lateral Rotators
- Thigh: Anterior Compartment
- Anterior Compartment: Quadriceps
- Thigh: Medial Compartment
- Medial Compartment: Adductors
- Thigh: Posterior Compartment (Hamstrings)
- Lower Leg: Anterior Compartment
- Lower Leg: Lateral Compartment
- Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Superficial)
- Lower Leg: Posterior Compartment (Deep)
- Foot: Dorsum
- Foot: Plantar Layer 1
- Foot: Plantar Layer 2
- Foot: Plantar Layer 3
- Foot: Plantar Layer 4
- Muscular System Multiple Choice
- Muscular System Dissection
Nervous System and Special Senses
Introduction: Nervous System/Special Senses
- Nervous System Overview
- Nervous System Anatomy
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
- Nervous System Functions
- Special Sensory Organs
Nervous Tissue
- Nervous Tissue in the Body
- Neuron Histology
- Slide 1 - Neuron Structure
- Slide 2 - Myelinated Axons
- Slide 3 - Unmyelinated Axons
- Types of Neurons
- CNS Neuroglia Histology
- Slide 1 - Types of CNS Neuroglia
- Slide 2 - Astrocytes
- Slide 3 - Oligodendrocytes
- Slide 4 - Microglia
- Slide 5 - Ependymal Cells
- PNS Neuroglia Histology
- Slide 1 - Types of PNS Neuroglia
- Slide 2 - Schwann Cells
- Slide 3 - Satellite Cells
- Neuron Function
- Resting and Action Potentials
- Neurotransmitters
- Acetylcholine (ACh)
- Norepinephrine (NE) and Epinephrine (E)
- Dopamine
- Nervous Tissue Multiple Choice
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
- Spinal Cord
- Spine Cross Section
- Spinal Nerve Roots
- Spinal Cord Histology
- Slide 1 - Gray and White Matter
- Slide 2 - Gray Matter: Anterior Horn
- Slide 3 - White Matter
- Sensory Signals
- Motor Commands
- Spinal Nerves
- Spinal Nerve Regions
- Dermatomes
- Cervical Plexus
- Cervical Innervation
- Brachial Plexus
- Brachial Innervation I
- Brachial Innervation II
- Brachial Innervation III
- Lumbosacral Plexus I
- Lumbosacral Plexus II
- Lumbosacral Innervation
- Somatic Reflex Arc
- Path of Reflex Arc
- Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Multiple Choice
- Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Dissection
Brain
- The Brain
- Brain Regions
- Brain Cross Section
- Ventricles of the Brain
- Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Blood Supply to the Brain
- Brain Stem
- Medulla and Pons
- Midbrain
- Cerebellum Anatomy
- Cerebellum Function
- Diencephalon
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary Gland
- Limbic System
- Cerebrum
- Cerebral Hemispheres
- Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex
- Features of the Cerebral Cortex
- Basal Ganglia
- Functional Regions of the Cerebral Cortex
- Functional Regions and Cortex Anatomy
- Hemispheric Lateralization
- Brain Multiple Choice
- Brain Dissection
Cranial Nerves
- Cranial Nerves
- Special Sensory Cranial Nerves
- Motor Cranial Nerves
- Mixed Cranial Nerves
- Olfactory Nerves (I)
- Olfaction
- Optic Nerves (II)
- Vision
- Oculomotor Nerves (III)
- Trochlear Nerves (IV)
- Trigeminal Nerves (V)
- Ophthalmic Branch of Trigeminal Nerve
- Maxillary Branch of Trigeminal Nerve
- Mandibular Branch of Trigeminal Nerve
- Abducens Nerves (VI)
- Facial Nerves (VII)
- Vestibulocochlear Nerves (VIII)
- Glossopharyngeal Nerves (IX)
- Vagus Nerves (X)
- Accessory Nerves (XI)
- Hypoglossal Nerves (XII)
- Cranial Nerves Multiple Choice
- Cranial Nerves Dissection
Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
- Somatic and Autonomic Functions
- Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Functions
- Somatic Sensory Signals
- Skin Sensory Receptors
- Somatic Motor Signals
- Skeletal Muscle Contraction
- Somatic Sensory and Motor Pathways
- Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum
- Autonomic Nervous Functions
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Sympathetic Nervous Functions
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
- Parasympathetic Nervous Functions
- Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems Multiple Choice
Special Senses
- Special Sensory Organs
- Olfaction
- Olfactory Pathway
- Tongue
- Taste Buds
- Papillae
- Taste Pathway
- Eyes in Context
- Eye
- Eye Layers
- Lacrimal Apparatus
- Eye Interior
- Retina
- Rods and Cones
- Vision
- Types of Vision
- Vision Pathway
- Optic Chiasm
- Ear
- Outer Ear
- Middle Ear
- Inner Ear
- Cochlea Cross Section
- Organ of Corti
- Hearing
- Auditory Pathway
- Equilibrium
- Equilibrium Pathway
- Special Senses Multiple Choice
- Eye Dissection
- Ear Dissection
- Cochlea Dissection
- Tongue Dissection
- Papillae Dissection
Endocrine System
Introduction: Endocrine System
- Endocrine System Overview
- Primary Endocrine Organs
- Secondary Endocrine Organs
Hormone Action and Regulation
- Hormone Action
- Hormone Circulation
- Hypothalamus and Pituitary
- Pituitary Gland Histology
- Slide 1 - Anterior and Posterior Pituitary
- Slide 2 - Anterior Pituitary
- Slide 3 - Posterior Pituitary
- Hypothalamus and Pituitary Hormones
- Hypothalamus Hormones
- Hypophyseal Portal System
- Anterior Pituitary Hormones
- Posterior Pituitary Hormones
- Target Organs of Pituitary Hormones
- Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
- Prolactin (PRL)
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Oxytocin (OXT)
- Hormone Action and Regulation Multiple Choice
Endocrine Organs and Functions
- Primary and Secondary Endocrine Organs
- Thyroid Gland
- Thyroid Hormones
- Parathyroid Glands
- Parathyroid Hormones
- Adrenal Glands
- Adrenal Gland Histology
- Slide 1 - Adrenal Cortex and Medulla
- Slide 2 - Adrenal Cortex
- Slide 3 - Adrenal Medulla
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones
- Adrenal Medulla Hormones
- Pineal Gland and Hormones
- Pancreas
- Pancreatic Islets
- Pancreas Histology
- Slide 1 - Pancreatic Endocrine and Exocrine Cells
- Slide 2 - Pancreatic Islets
- Blood Glucose Level
- Ovaries
- Testes
- Kidneys
- Heart
- Thymus
- Stress Response
- Endocrine Organs and Functions Multiple Choice
- Endocrine Organs and Functions Dissection
Circulatory System
Introduction: Circulatory System
- Circulatory System Overview
- Circulatory Anatomy
- Arteries and Veins
- Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange
Blood
- Blood Histology
- Slide 1 - Function and Components of Blood
- Slide 2 - Blood Cells and Platelets
- Slide 3 - Blood Cell Production in Red Bone Marrow
- Slide 4 - Platelet Production in Red Bone Marrow
- Blood Plasma
- Plasma Protein Production
- Production of Red Blood Cells
- Erythropoietin and RBC Production
- Function of Red Blood Cells
- Red Blood Cells and Oxygen Transport
- White Blood Cell Histology
- Slide 1 - Function of White Blood Cells
- Slide 2 - Neutrophils
- Slide 3 - Lymphocytes
- Slide 4 - Eosinophils
- Slide 5 - Basophils
- Slide 6 - Monocytes
- Function of Platelets
- Locations of Platelet Production
- Blood Multiple Choice
Heart
- Heart Overview
- Location of Heart in the Thoracic Cavity
- Location of Heart in the Thoracic Cage
- Inferior View of Thoracic Cavity, Transverse Section
- Heart Wall
- Myocardium
- Cardiac Muscle Tissue Histology
- Slide 1 - Cardiac Muscle Fibers
- Slide 2 - Cardiac Muscle Fibers: Intercalated Discs
- Heart Chamber Anatomy
- Heart Chambers
- Heart Chamber Functions
- Heart Valve Anatomy
- Heart Valves
- Heart Valve Function
- Heart Internal Anatomy
- Blood Flow Through the Heart
- Blood Flow Out of Heart
- Blood Flow Into Heart
- Coronary Circulation
- Coronary Veins
- Left Coronary Arteries
- Right Coronary Arteries
- Conduction System
- Heart Conduction
- Path of Nerve Impulse in Conduction System
- Electrocardiogram
- Cardiac Cycle
- Systole and Diastole
- Cardiac Output
- Autonomic Regulation of Heart
- Heart Multiple Choice
- Heart Dissection
Blood Vessels and Circulation
- Types of Blood Vessels
- Blood Vessel Walls
- Artery Structure
- Vein Structure
- Blood Vessel Wall Histology
- Slide 1 - Artery and Vein Walls
- Slide 2 - Elastic Artery Wall: Aorta
- Slide 3 - Muscular Artery Wall
- Slide 4 - Vein Wall
- Capillaries
- Blood Pressure
- Systolic and Diastolic Pressure
- Systolic and Diastolic Pressure
- Circulatory Routes
- Pulmonary Circulation
- Pulmonary Circulation and Bronchi
- Pulmonary Arteries and Veins
- Pulmonary Arteries
- Pulmonary Veins
- Systemic Circulation
- Great Vessels and Branches
- Superficial Arteries of the Head and Neck
- Deep Arteries of the Head and Neck
- Circle of Willis I
- Circle of Willis II
- Circle of Willis III
- Arteries of the Brain
- Arteries of the Upper Limb I
- Arteries of the Upper Limb II
- Arteries of the Forearm and Hand
- Arteries of the Thorax I
- Arteries of the Thorax II
- Branches of the Abdominal Aorta I
- Branches of the Abdominal Aorta II
- Arteries of the Abdomen I
- Arteries of the Abdomen II
- Arteries of the Intestines I
- Arteries of the Intestines II
- Arteries of the Pelvis I
- Arteries of the Pelvis II
- Arteries of the Upper Leg
- Arteries of the Lower Leg
- Dorsal Arteries of the Foot
- Plantar Arteries of the Foot
- Superficial Veins of the Head and Neck
- Deep Veins of the Head and Neck
- Venous Sinuses I
- Venous Sinuses II
- Veins of the Upper Limb I
- Veins of the Upper Limb II
- Veins of the Hand
- Veins of the Thorax I
- Veins of the Thorax II
- Azygos System
- Veins of the Abdomen
- Hepatic Portal System
- Veins of the Intestines I
- Veins of the Intestines II
- Veins of the Pelvis I
- Veins of the Pelvis II
- Veins of the Upper Leg
- Veins of the Lower Leg
- Dorsal Veins of the Foot
- Plantar Veins of the Foot
- Blood Vessels and Circulation Multiple Choice
- Blood Vessels and Circulation Dissection
Lymphatic System
Introduction: Lymphatic System
- Lymphatic System Overview
- Lymphatic System Structures
- Lymphatic Functions
Lymphatic System
- Lymph Circulation
- Lymphatic Vessels and Veins
- Thoracic Duct
- Right Lymphatic Duct
- Lymph Trunks
- Lymphocyte Production
- Thymus
- Spleen
- Spleen Histology
- Slide 1 - Spleen Structure
- Slide 2 - Spleen: White Pulp
- Slide 3 - Spleen: Red Pulp
- Lymph Node Function
- Lymph Node Distribution
- Lymph Node Histology
- Slide 1 - Lymph Node Structure
- Slide 2 - Lymph Node Cortex and Medulla
- Slide 3 - Lymph Node Cortex
- Slide 4 - Lymph Node Medulla
- Lymphatic System Multiple Choice
- Lymphatic System Dissection
Immunity
- Physical Defenses
- Innate Immunity
- Innate Immune Response
- Phagocytosis
- Types of White Blood Cells
- Adaptive Immunity
- Adaptive Immune Response
- B Cells
- T Cells
- Immunity Multiple Choice
Respiratory System
Introduction: Respiratory System
- Respiratory System Overview
- Functions of Respiratory Structures
- Pulmonary Ventilation
- External Respiration
- Internal Respiration
Upper Respiratory System
- Upper Respiratory Structures
- Nasal Cavity
- Nasal Septum
- Bones of the Nasal Cavity
- Nasal Cartilages
- Upper Respiratory Tract
- Nasal Mucosa
- Filtration of Air
- Respiratory Defenses
- Sneezing
- Olfaction
- Olfaction Structures
- Pharynx
- Function of the Epiglottis
- Larynx, Posterior
- Larynx, Anterior
- Phonation
- Vocal Folds and Musculature
- Upper Respiratory System Multiple Choice
- Upper Respiratory System Dissection
Lower Respiratory System
- Lower Respiratory Structures
- Location of the Trachea
- Cartilaginous Rings
- Trachea Wall Histology
- Slide 1 - Trachea Cross Section
- Slide 2 - Trachea Wall Layers
- The Trachea and Bronchi
- Lungs in Anatomical Context
- Right Lung, Gross Anatomy
- Left Lung, Gross Anatomy
- Lung Tissue vs. Epidermis Histology
- Lung Hilum
- Bronchial Tree
- Bronchial Tree Histology
- Slide 1 - Bronchi and Bronchioles
- Slide 2 - Bronchus
- Slide 3 - Bronchiole
- Alveoli Histology
- Slide 1 - Alveoli Structure
- Slide 2 - Alveoli Cells
- Respiratory Membrane
- Blood Supply to the Lungs
- Pulmonary Circulation
- Lower Respiratory System Multiple Choice
- Lower Respiratory System Dissection
Respiration
- Pulmonary Ventilation and Boyle's Law
- Pulmonary Ventilation Structures
- Muscles of Inhalation
- Muscles of Exhalation
- External Respiration
- External Respiration Structures
- Dalton's Law
- Internal Respiration
- Internal Respiration Structures
- Breathing Rate and Regulation
- Respiratory Regulation
- Respiration Multiple Choice
- Respiration Dissection
Digestive System
Introduction: Digestive System
- Digestive Overview
- Digestive Anatomy
- Digestive Process
- Alimentary Canal
- Digestive Juices
- Production of Digestive Juices
Oral Cavity
- Structures of the Oral Cavity
- Oral Cavity
- Chewing and Swallowing
- Function of Oral Cavity Structures
- Teeth
- Upper Arch
- Lower Arch
- Tooth Cross-Section
- Tongue
- Tongue
- Taste Bud Histology
- Salivary Glands
- Salivary Gland Histology
- Slide 1 - Parotid Salivary Glands
- Slide 2 - Submandibular Salivary Glands
- Slide 3 - Sublingual Salivary Glands
- Mastication Muscles
- Epiglottis and Larynx
- Oral Cavity Multiple Choice
- Oral Cavity Dissection
Esophagus and Stomach
- Peristalsis
- Peristalsis of Alimentary Canal
- Esophagus
- Esophagus Histology
- Slide 1 - Esophagus Cross Section
- Slide 2 - Esophageal Wall Layers
- Stomach Regions
- Stomach Wall
- Stomach Histology
- Slide 1 - Stomach Wall Layers
- Slide 2 - Gastric Mucosa
- Stomach Sphincters
- Stomach Vasculature
- Esophagus and Stomach Multiple Choice
- Esophagus and Stomach Dissection
Accessory Organs of Digestion
- Accessory Organs
- Liver Segments
- Liver Ligaments
- Hepatic Portal System
- Pancreas, Liver, Gall Bladder
- Bile Ducts
- Pancreatic Ducts
- Pancreas Histology
- Slide 1 - Pancreatic Endocrine and Exocrine Cells
- Slide 2 - Pancreatic Acini
- Blood Supply to Accessory Organs
- Accessory Organs Multiple Choice
- Accessory Organs Dissection
Small and Large Intestines
- Absorption
- Absorption Structures
- Intestinal Vasculature
- Small Intestine
- Small Intestine Histology
- Slide 1 - Small Intestine Wall
- Slide 2 - Small Intestine Mucosa and Submucosa
- Large Intestine
- Colon Regions
- Taenia Coli
- Large Intestine
- Large Intestine Histology
- Slide 1 - Large Intestine Wall
- Slide 2 - Large Intestine Mucosa
- Defecation Reflex
- Small and Large Intestines Multiple Choice
- Small and Large Intestines Dissection
Urinary System
Introduction: Urinary System
- Urinary System Overview
- Male Urinary Anatomy
- Female Urinary Anatomy
- Urinary Functions
Kidney Anatomy and Physiology
- Position of the Kidneys
- Kidney Anatomy
- Kidney Histology
- Slide 1 - Kidney Cortex and Medulla
- Slide 2 - Kidney Cortex
- Slide 3 - Kidney Medulla
- Blood Supply to the Kidneys
- Blood Flow Through the Nephron
- Nephron Structure
- Nephron Histology
- Slide 1 - Nephron Structure
- Slide 2 - Renal Corpuscles
- Slide 3 - Renal Tubules
- Kidney Multiple Choice
- Kidney Dissection
Urine Production
- Filtration Process
- Filtration
- Filtration Membrane
- Reabsorption and Secretion
- Reabsorption and Secretion Process
- Urine Composition
- Function of ADH
- Urine Production Multiple Choice
Urine Storage and Elimination
- Pathway of Urine
- Ureters
- Ureter Histology
- Slide 1 - Ureter Cross Section
- Slide 2 - Ureter Wall
- Bladder in Female
- Bladder in Male
- Bladder Anatomy
- Bladder Histology
- Slide 1 - Bladder Wall
- Slide 2 - Empty vs. Full Bladder Epithelium
- Micturition Reflex
- Nervous Control of Micturition
- Urethral Sphincters
- Female Urethra
- Male Urethra
- Urine Storage and Elimination Multiple Choice
- Urine Storage and Elimination Dissection
Reproductive System
Introduction: Reproductive System
- Reproductive System Overview
- Male Reproductive Anatomy
- Female Reproductive Anatomy
Male Reproductive System
- Male Reproductive Organs in Context
- Testes and Spermatic Cords
- Seminiferous Tubules
- Testis Histology
- Slide 1 - Testis Structure
- Slide 2 - Seminiferous Tubule Structure
- Spermatogenesis
- Epididymis
- Vas Deferens
- Urethra
- Accessory Glands
- Semen Production
- Penis Internal Anatomy
- Blood Supply to Male Genitalia
- Male Sexual Response
- Male Sex Hormones
- Male Reproductive System Multiple Choice
- Male Reproductive System Dissection
Female Reproductive System
- Female Reproductive Organs in Context
- Pelvic Ligaments
- Ovaries
- Ovary Internal Anatomy
- Ovary Histology
- Slide 1 - Primordial and Primary Follicles
- Slide 2 - Secondary Follicles
- Slide 3 - Graafian Follicles
- Oogenesis
- Relationship of Ovaries to Uterus
- Blood Supply to Uterus and Ovaries
- Uterus Histology
- Slide 1 - Uterine Wall
- Slide 2 - Endometrium: Menses Stage
- Slide 3 - Endometrium: Proliferative Stage
- Slide 4 - Endometrium: Secretory Stage
- Vagina
- External Genitalia
- Female Reproductive Cycle
- Ovulation
- Female Sex Hormones
- Mammary Glands
- Mammary Gland Histology
- Slide 1 - Non-Lactating Mammary Gland
- Slide 2 - Lactating Mammary Gland
- Lactation
- Lactation Hormones
- Female Reproductive System Multiple Choice
- Female Reproductive System Dissection
Sexual Reproduction and Development
- Gametes to Zygote
- Sexual Reproduction
- Fertilization to Implantation
- Path of Zygote
- Two Weeks After Conception
- A Developing Embryo
- Hormones During Pregnancy
- Hormones and Fetal Development
- How Twins Develop
- Taking Shape
- Fetal Reproductive Development
- Fetal Development
- Birth
- Stages of Birth
- Reproductive Lifespan
- Sexual Reproduction and Development Multiple Choice